A colonoscopy is a procedure used to check for changes or abnormalities in the colon and the rectum. Before the procedure begins, you will be sedated. Your doctor will then insert a long, flexible tube called a colonoscope into your rectum and guide it through the large intestine. A tiny video camera at the tip of the scope allows your doctor to examine the inside of your colon in real time. The scope is also equipped with small tools that can be used to remove precancerous polyps or take small tissue samples for further study.
Colonoscopies are one of the most effective ways to prevent or identify colorectal cancer. By scheduling regular colonoscopies, you can catch colorectal cancer in its earliest, most treatable stages – and even prevent cancer by removing polyps before they have a chance to turn into cancer.
The Importance of Screening for Colon Cancer
Colorectal cancer almost always develops from abnormal growths in the colon or rectum called polyps. These growths can be easily detected during a colonoscopy, often before they become cancerous. Therefore, the sooner any abnormal polyps are identified, the more effective your treatment will be.
When to Start Colon Cancer Screening
Experts recommend that average-risk men and women begin colon cancer screening at age 45.
If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or a known genetic condition that increases your risk, your doctor may recommend starting screenings earlier. Talk with your doctor to determine the right screening plan for you.
Most insurance plans cover routine colonoscopies. For those who are uninsured or underinsured, free colonoscopies may be available through Cooper’s cancer outreach and screening program.
Conditions We Treat with Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy can help diagnose and monitor a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions, including:
- Colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
- Diverticulosis and diverticulitis
- Intestinal bleeding
- Anemia of unknown origin
- Changes in bowel habits
Our board-certified gastroenterologists can detect and remove polyps during the procedure, preventing their development into cancer. Colonoscopy also provides key visual insights into inflammation, ulcers, and changes in the intestinal lining for various digestive conditions.
Early detection through colonoscopy is crucial for many of these conditions. It often leads to more effective treatment options and significantly better outcomes. For colorectal cancer, identifying and removing precancerous polyps can prevent cancer development altogether. For other conditions like IBD, early diagnosis allows for prompt treatment initiation, potentially improving long-term health and quality of life.
Prepping for a Colonoscopy
Your colon has to be empty and clean to ensure our physicians have clear visibility during your colonoscopy screening. You’ll receive detailed instructions from your doctor on how to prepare.
Our nurses are available to answer any questions and help you through the preparation process.
Preparation can come with some challenges, but there are ways to make it easier:
- If you feel nauseous or uncomfortable from the laxative, try drinking it through a straw or chilling it beforehand to improve the taste.
- Chewing gum or sucking on a lemon wedge can help mask any lingering flavors
- It’s important to clear your schedule for the day before and the day of your procedure to allow for bathroom access, and wearing loose clothing can enhance your comfort during this time. By following these tips and maintaining open communication with your healthcare team, you’ll be well-prepared for your colonoscopy.
During the Procedure
A colonoscopy typically takes about 30 minutes. You’ll receive sedation to help you sleep through the procedure.
After you are sedated, a thin, flexible tube is gently guided through the colon. If small polyps are found, they are removed during the procedure.
After the procedure you may still feel quite groggy from the sedative, so you will need to arrange safe transportation home ahead of time.
Will There Be Side Effects Afterward?
You may feel some slight bloating, cramping, or gas discomfort immediately after your colonoscopy. These mild pains come from the air that is pumped into your colon during the procedure. If a polyp was removed or a biopsy was performed during your colonoscopy, you might notice traces of blood in your stool for a day or two afterward.
Serious bleeding is rare, but if you do experience heavier bleeding or severe pain, contact your physician immediately.
Other Forms of Colon Cancer Screening
While colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for detecting colon cancer, there are alternative procedures that can also be effective. If you want to explore other options, two of the most common include:
- Stool tests for blood (FIT) – checks for hidden blood in the stool
- Stool DNA tests (Cologuard)® -- checks for genetic changes and blood in the stool
Talk to your doctor about the best test for you.
Why Choose Cooper for Your Colonoscopy?
Cooper Gastroenterology is South Jersey's leading center for colonoscopies and gastrointestinal care. You can count on us for:
- Experienced, board-certified specialists: our high-volume center performing thousands of colonoscopies each year
- Advanced technology and techniques: we use state-of-the-art equipment for precise diagnosis and treatment
- Comprehensive support: From prep to recovery, our dedicated team will guide you every step of the way
- Personalized care: We take the time to answer your questions and ensure your comfort throughout the process
Schedule Your Colonoscopy Today
To schedule at the Cooper Gastroenterology locations in Camden, Moorestown, Willingboro, and Mount Laurel, New Jersey call 856.642.2133.
To schedule in Cape May Court House, New Jersey call 609.778.1008.
FAQs
How long does a colonoscopy take?
Colonoscopies typically take about 30 to 60 minutes. However, you should plan to spend a few hours at the facility to account for preparation and recovery time.
Are colonoscopies painful?
Most people experience little to no pain during a colonoscopy, while others may feel mild discomfort. Sedation is provided to help minimize any discomfort during the procedure.
How often should I get a colonoscopy?
For individuals at average risk, a colonoscopy is generally recommended every 10 years, starting at age 50. However, if you have a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors, your doctor may suggest more frequent screenings.
Can I take my regular medications before the procedure?
You should inform your doctor about all medications you are taking. Some medications, especially blood thinners or those for diabetes, may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped before your colonoscopy. Follow your doctor's specific instructions regarding medication use.
What happens if polyps are found during the procedure?
If polyps are discovered during your colonoscopy, they will typically be removed immediately. The removed polyps will be sent for laboratory analysis to check for any signs of cancer or other abnormalities.