Crohn’s Disease and Colitis

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are two unique conditions that fall under the umbrella category of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the two conditions share similar symptoms – such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss – they are distinct diseases with different patterns of inflammation and treatment approaches. 

Here are some important things to know about Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: 

  • The exact causes are uncertain, but individuals with these conditions may have underlying immune system dysfunction. 
  • Those with a family history of these conditions or of Jewish heritage are at a higher risk. 
  • Stress and certain foods may trigger symptoms but do not cause Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis to develop. 
  • Both conditions can cause severe pain and potentially life-threatening complications. 

Understanding the Differences  

The primary difference between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis lies in where and how they affect the digestive tract. 

  • Location: Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, while ulcerative colitis is limited to the colon (large intestine) 
  • Inflammation patterns: Ulcerative colitis always involves the rectum and may extend through the colon. In Crohn’s disease, inflammation may spare and can affect deeper layers of the bowel wall.  
  • Symptoms: The most common symptoms of ulcerative colitis include urgency to use the bathroom, blood and mucus in the stool mucus, and frequent diarrhea. Crohn’s disease may also cause bowel obstruction, perianal fistulas, and intra-abdominal abscesses. 
  • Diagnosis: Colonoscopy is the most common diagnostic tool for both conditions. Additional imaging computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help assess inflammation and distinguish between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. 

Treatment Options 

While there is currently no known cure for Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, safe and effective treatment approaches are available to control inflammation and manage symptoms, with a goal toward remission. 

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are often treated with similar medications, with a few medications only approved for one condition. After a comprehensive workup, your doctor will develop a personalized treatment plan for you that may include: 

  • Dietary and nutritional changes 
  • Medications to reduce inflammation in the small intestines or colon and relieve symptoms  
  • Combination therapy using multiple medications to suppress the immune system 
  • Surgery to address complications such as intestinal blockages, fistulas, or cancer 

Why Choose Cooper for IBD Care 

At Cooper University Health Care, our specialists are highly experienced in diagnosing and managing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis with a compassionate, personalized approach. We understand how these conditions can affect your physical, mental, and emotional well-being. By choosing Cooper, you have access to: 

  • Expert gastroenterologists with advanced training in IBD 
  • Comprehensive care backed by South Jersey’s leading academic health system 
  • State-of-the-art diagnostic technologies 
  • The latest medical therapies and access to clinical trials exploring new treatment options 

Schedule an Appointment  

To make an appointment with a gastroenterologist who specializes in diagnosing and treating Crohn’s disease and colitis, call 800.8.COOPER (800.826.6737) or use our online appointment form.